Article VIII What does it really mean essays

Article VIII What does it really mean essays Article VIII: What Does It Really Mean? required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment Excessive bail was borrowed with a few slight changes from the English Bill of Rights Act. The concept of bail in both England and in the United States was never thought as right to bail in all cases, but to provide that bail would not be excessive in cases where it is considered legitimate to set bail. The definition of Bail, as according to the Random House Dictionary of the English Language, property given as surety that a person released from custody will return custody will return at an appointed time. The concept of bail was first created by the Statute of Westminster the First of 1275 A.D., which created a detailed list of certain offenses that were bailable and those that were not. Because judges were permitted to imprison people with or without bail, the Petition of Right was enacted in 1628 A.D. Due to various frauds of petitions for habeas corpus which could not be presented the English Parliament enacted the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 A.D., which established procedures for the release of prisoners from prison and created penalties for judges who did not comply with the Act. As a result of this, the judges then set bail so high, that it could not be met. With this Parliament responded by including in the Bill of Rights of 1689 A.D. a provision that excessive bail shoul d not be required. In America excessive fines were given meaning during the early part of the twentieth century. In an early case, the Supreme Court held that it had no authority to revise the sentence of an inferior court, despite the fact that the excessiveness of the fines were quite apparent on the face of the records. With the inability to pay, the poor were then sentenced to jail and thus giving meaning to the term ''excessive fines'' as it applied to the person sentenced. During the time the Eighth Amendment was adopt...

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Leadership - Essay Example Who is a Leader Though there are various different views and definitions about leader and leadership, to come to a specific consensus about who is a leader may be a difficult task. To be very simple, a leader is one who has leadership quality. A leader can either be a man or woman who has the ability to get other people to do what he likes them to do even if they don’t like to do it. As Howard Gardner noted, a leader is a person â€Å"who could get other people to what they don’t want to do and like it† (Parker and Begnaud , p. 3). A leader is expected to be able to create interaction between him and his followers involving a structuring or restructuring of the situation, perception and expectations of the his followers. When it comes to a bit broader view about leaders, they come in all different shapes and sizes. They may be young or old, men or women and regardless of caste, region, religion and so on. they are found in all different levels, like Church, Polit ics, Government, Business, House, Community and sports (Corcoran, p. 3). All different leaders at different levels possess more or less different qualities, like transformational, charismatic, situational etc. A leader is one who listens to his people, supports and encourages them to get them involved in decision making process as well as problem solving processes (Holbeche, p. 72). Based on this view, a leader is one who influences his subordinates or followers by supporting them and encouraging them so that they will be motivated to get involved in all the relevant decision making and problem solving activities. He not only listens to the concerns of his followers, but also suggests possible solutions and finds better ways to help them by solving their issues. A leader tries to get his people to follow him or her to a specific objective. A political leader has his own specific objectives or destination that he likes to motivate his people to move towards that destination. A busine ss or political leader has thus certain objective and his activities or leadership attempts will be largely influenced by his intention to lead his people towards the ultimate goal. Contemporary perspectives on Leadership Leadership is basically a quality, necessarily an inborn quality according to some academic researchers and not so according to some others. Though there are various theoretical perspectives regarding leadership, trait theories are widely discussed and are considered to be highly important in contemporary business and political landscapes. In recent years, Warren Bennis contributed much to leadership studies and researches and has strongly disagreed with the concept that leadership is an inborn quality. In contemporary leadership literatures, Warren Bennis is perhaps the most widely discussed name. According to him, â€Å"leadership is the capacity to translate vision in to reality† (Corcoran, p. 3). Warren Bennis is the founding director of American Leaders hip Forum and he has authored more than 26 books in leadership and its very related functional areas. Leaders (1986) and On Becoming a Leader (1989) are some of his best-selling book about leadership (Thomas, p. 4). Warren Bennis tried to avoid the traditional view associated with leadership thinking and the concepts of trait-theories. He argued that leaders are not just born, but are made or created through training, developmental program and

Fictional children's story about homelessness + critical component Assignment

Fictional children's story about homelessness + critical component - Assignment Example Therefore, he could not ask her to get him a new pair. One day he decided, it was time to get new shoes at his own. He’d been saving money for a month now. And today he could finally paint the fence outside Robinson’s house and get the remaining money that he needed for buying the shoes. While passing a shop on his way, Sam noticed his reflection in the glass window. Except for the fresh wound from last evening, he thought he looked presentable. A day earlier, Sam was on his way to the basketball court when a random car stopped near him for merely a second. The window rolled down and a stone came out and landed on his forehead. So, seeing his reflection, Sam adjusted his hair to hide the wound and continued heading towards Mr. Robinson’s house. The Robinson’s place was a huge white house with a beautiful front garden. The fence Sam was to paint surrounded the lush green garden, and added to the homely feeling of the house. Ringing the bell, he was invited in by Mrs. Robinson. The house felt warm, cozy and welcoming from inside as well. She led Sam to Mr. Robinson’s study where she offered him some homemade cake as well. Sam instantly developed a liking for the Robinsons family. Sam was 14 years old. So he got the work on basis of a class assignment in which he had to share a thrilling experience. He told Mr. Robinson that he had decided to paint for the assignment but his house neither had a fence nor anything else that could be painted. Mr. Robinson agreed to help and provided him with the paint brush, a bucket of paint and a pair of his son’s old clothes which seemed newer to Sam than the ones he was wearing. So, Sam kept them and decided to work in his own. Sam found the painting job easy. Being near the Robinsons family was a pleasant experience for him. From time to time, Mrs. Robinson would come out to check how he was doing, and gave him something homemade to eat on every visit. Robinson’s family comprised of the parents, a 4 year old daughter and a son of Sam’s age. After a while the family came out in the lawn to enjoy the sun. The boy started playing with Jack, his dog. The little girl sat near her mother scribbling on a drawing pad. Mr. Robinson sat on the lawn chair and got busy reading the newspaper. Sam smiled watching them. In nearly two hours, Sam’s work was complete. Stepping back and looking at his work, Sam felt thrilled, noticing that he had done a decent job. The Robinsons liked it too. So he took the money and headed towards the shoes’ shop. On his way, he kept nibbling on the brownie Mrs. Robinson had given him for the way. He did not remember the last time he had something so tasty to eat. Sam crossed a pet shop on the way. His glance rested on a kitten sleeping in a white cage. With a creased forehead, he watched the kitten for a minute. He went inside and bought it with the money he had saved for the shoes. He kissed the cat and whispered in it s ear, ‘I will give you something that I don’t have’. A few minutes later, he knocked at the door of the town’s shelter that he lived in. References Capdevila, G. (2005). More Than 100 Million Homeless Worldwide. Retrieved from http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=28086 This article highlights how homelessness has become a worldwide problem in the developed as well as developing countries. The government policies and inadequate housing plans suppress the poor and force them to live without proper housing altogether. The story is themed on this

Communication Leaflet Essay Example for Free

Communication Leaflet Essay Idea occurs: this is when you think of an idea that you want to communicate. We all communicate for a reason, which is usually to pass on information to another person. Message coded: once we have thought of an idea we compose this within our thoughts, how we are going to say our idea to the recipient in a way the recipient will understand. For example, is the message going to be spoken to them, do they speak English. Is the message going to written down for them or are we going to use sign language, if so, what signs are we going to use to portray our message. Message sent: idea/message sent to the recipient. Message received: message is received by the other person. The recipient senses they have a message, for example either by seeing the message you’re signing or have written to them or hearing the message you’re speaking to them. Message decoded: recipient looks at the message and has to process what you have communicated for them to understand what has been spoken, signed or written, the message could be misunderstood easily by interpreting words differently. Message understood: the message has been received, decoded and understood by the recipient. If it has been communicated clearly, for example if there were no barriers within the communication cycle, the recipient will show their understanding by replying to your message. As the conversation continues, the sender of the message will then become the receiver of the replied message and so on and so on. Example of a message being sent using the Communication Cycle. The cycle will only continue if both parties understand what one another are sending, they can only do this by listening and processing what is being sent, understand then you can reply appropriately. In the communication cycle, things don’t always go smoothly and communication can break down when the cycle is broken. The cycle can break if the sender is unclear when they are sending their message or the receiver can misunderstand the message due to other distractions and then assume something else was being sent. Working in health and social care, your communicational skills are one of the most important skills you’ll need and use everyday. When communicating with patients/service users it is important they understand what discussions are taking place so they can join in them and it is equally as important for you to understand them so you know what they need and the choices they want to make. Communication barriers There are so many barriers that could affect communication between people. For example: Noisy surroundings: these can be a barrier as you may not be hear what is being spoken over the noise. For example, The manager of a care home was having a staff meeting when they were distracted with a noisy drilling and hammering sounds from workmen using loud tools in the room next door.. To overcome a noisy distraction you could ask the workmen how long they are going to be and if it isn’t too long you may take a break or postpone your meeting until they have finished. You could ask if they could delay theirs works for the remainder of your meeting. If this is not possible, rearrange your meeting for a later day, move room location for the remainder of the meeting. Disabilities: A physically disabled person attending their eye appointment and there is no lift at the opticians. To overcome this barrier you would enquire to see if the have another means to transporting the service user up the stairs and if this was not possible, enquire if the appointment could take place downstairs and if this was not possible, arrange an appointment where they can accommodate a wheelchair. Cultural differences: same meaning but different beliefs in different cultures. For example, eye contact when initially greeting some cultures is important but continuing eye contact is seen as a sign of disrespect. Some cultures like you to introduce yourself, they like a smile and a shake of hands. They are particular with the way they shake hands, extend the hand out and gently touch the other person’s hand, they don’t like the strong grasping shake of hands that the some cultures have. Bad lighting: bad lighting can be a distraction for example, someone who is visually impaired and wears glasses is at a meeting and the bright florescent lights are reflecting off their lenses or flickering distracting their sight. To overcome this barrier, you would enquire of any disabilities people may have, such as visual impairments or epilepsy and would not use lighting that will affect their condition or change room locations if the problem of flickering lights persists. Jargon: is technical terminology used by professionals for example, when a doctor uses full medical terminology when speaking to a service user and they do not explain what they mean in a way the service user can understand. Slang: is wording and phrases that are used by service users that could have several ways of being misinterpreted by others, for example, the elder service users may say they have water problems, and they are meaning they have toileting problems, we may think they mean tap water problems. Slang can be used when all parties understand. Language barriers: someone who doesn’t speak in a language you understand, for example, they are foreign or they can only communicate with sign language. To overcome a language barrier, enquire what language they communicate and have in place a signer if needed or a translator. Body language: is an aid to expressing what we want to communicate, verbally and none verbally. Body language that can be misinterpreted, for example, a manager stood at their office door with their arms folded may be seen as they are angry when really they are stood there listening as they are waiting for a visitor. Aggression: an aggressive attitude is often a barrier as this behaviour is frightening to others and can be intimidating. Mobile phones: ringing at the wrong time, for example, you are at Sunday mass with a service user and whilst your at the alter with the service user, your mobile phone rings. To ensure mobile phones do not ring, put signs in place to ask people to kindly turn their mobiles on silent if they cannot turn them off for any reason.

Why We Baptize in Jesus Name :: essays research papers

Why We Baptize in Jesus' Name Introduction The subject of water baptism has long been called a great issue and no doubt has been made such by many church leaders of the past and present. In our study of it, let us first consider its importance, or the necessity of being baptized. The Importance of Water Baptism Christian water baptism is an ordinance instituted by Jesus Christ. If it is not important in the plan of God, why did Jesus command it in Matthew 28:19? And why did Peter follow up by saying, "Be baptized every one of you," and by commanding the Gentiles to be baptized (Acts 2:38; 10:48)? We must remember two points about the importance of water baptism. First, whatever Christ definitely established and ordained cannot be unimportant, whether we understand its significance or not. Second, Christ and the apostles showed the importance of this ordinance by observing it. Jesus walked many miles to be baptized, though He was without sin, saying, "For thus it becometh us to fulfill all righteousness" (See Matthew 3:13-16.) It is true that water itself does not contain any saving virtue, but God has chosen to include it in His plan of salvation. Peter explained, "Baptism doth also now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience toward God) by the resurrection of Jesus Christ" (I Peter 3:21). According to Luke 7:30, "the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the counsel of God against themselves, being not baptized." The Mode of Baptism According to the Scriptures, the proper mode of baptism is immersion. "And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water" (Matthew 3:16). "And they went down both into the water, both Philip and the eunuch; and he baptized him" (Acts 8:38). "Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death" (Romans 6:4). A corpse is not buried by placing it on top of the ground and sprinkling a little soil on it, but by covering it completely. According to the World Book Encyclopedia, "At first all baptism was by complete immersion" (vol. 1, p.651). And the Catholic Encyclopedia states, "In the early centuries, all were baptized by immersion in streams, pools, and baptisteries" (vol. 2, p.263). Immersion was not convenient after the Catholic church instituted infant baptism; thus the mode was changed to sprinkling. (See Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th ed.

Bilingual Education Essay

Fluency is a very important factor in many fields of work such as in schools, public and private sectors. It is requirement in the application of proper communication methods. This means, it is applied both in oral and written communications methods. Fluency refers to both reading and language. The two are often confused with one another. Reading fluency is the ability to read the texts with greater accuracy and at a high speed, while the proficiency in a language which is often foreign one is referred to as language fluency. (Cummins, 1989) In this particular essay, I am tackling the reading fluency which can be defined as the ability to read with speed, accuracy and proper expression. Fluency is not an easy task and most children and students in higher class who have not learnt to read with fluency finds it very difficult in their learning. This is because, lack of fluency hinder the understanding and meaning of sentences in a text. This leads to poor understanding of the whole text at the end of their reading. Fluent reading makes the readers to utilize less energy in their reading. This enables them to have proper expression of the meanings in the texts. Whether a child is reading aloud or in silent mood, he/ she reads in phrases and adds intonation which are appropriate. Thus there reading becomes smooth and full of expressions. (Cummins, 1989) Contrary to fluent readers, non- fluent reader make their reading to sound choppy and awkward. In addition, they make a lot of mistakes by either omitting some of the words. This makes many sentences to lack meaning, and in general sense the whole to text remains to be a mess to them. Their decoding skills are hindered and hence they read laboriously. In order to achieve fluency, three or more components must be incorporated in reading. If the three components are put in practices, then fluency is achieved without any objections. First and foremost is the component of accuracy. This is also known as automaticity. However, there is a slight difference between the two terms. Automaticity applies to the fast, effortless word recognition that comes with a great deal of reading practice. It refers to the child’s or any other person’s ability to read words in a text without missing its pronunciations. Some of the children find it very difficult to read because they cannot make the pronunciations of some words. This is made as difficult as the child is weak in combining syllables of a word. So, lack of phonemic awareness act as a barriers to fluency. This necessitates the child to be having a familiarity of word pronunciation. He can do so by reading some of the text especially the poetic kind of writing or songs. The third component is prosody. This one of the most ignored factor which most student lacks. They do not practise nor do they want to learn more about it. It is much concerned with the inclusion of stress, intonation and pauses. This can be referred to as reading feelings. They give good impression to the reader as well as to the audience. Reading without this component makes it very hard for the audience to depict the mood of the message being passed over through the text. (Cummins, 1989) It is therefore very necessary to have fluency in reading. This is developed gradually over time through practice. It first involves students reading in slow phase which is a bit laboured work. When students become fluent readers, they bridge word recognition and comprehension. Fluency therefore acts as bridge between the two. This means that fluency on its own does not ensure comprehension. However, it enhances the comprehension. Comprehension is very hard to achieve without fluency. The moment the non-fluent readers stop to decode and figure out unknown words, it is most likely the meaning of the already read parts get disrupted and the process of learning become laborious. When students are acquitted with fluency, they attain a better position in their study work. They pull together all their efforts and concentrate them on analyzing, interpreting and drawing of conclusions from the texts they are reading. Further more, fluency eliminates the concentrations on decoding the words thus the students keep on focusing their attention on what the text means. They are able to make the connections mange the ideas in the text and their background knowledge. Thus the fluent readers recognize the words and comprehend at the same time. This saves time of reading and interpretation giving student free time for leisure and other activities. Considering the fact that reading volumes increase with the transition from lower classes to the upper higher levels of education, it is very crucial for the teachers to help the students at the very beginning of schooling to gain fluency in their reading. Teachers are thus a major determinant for child’s fluency reading. Teachers are the first people who can recognize the problems of reading disorders with the children. They therefore need to take immediate action in order to improve the reading fluency of the child. Teachers can therefore do several things. This includes reading a text loudly while the child listens to him. He may also device other methods such as presenting loud tape messages to students. These two ways may help the child to listen to the words as they are pronounced, the prosody component is well heard and the other expressions are still well presented in this. The teacher must give much of the practice work to the student through having song and reciting poetic writing with the child. (Cummins, 1989) Reference: Cummins, J. (1989): Empowering minority students: California Association for Bilingual Education.

Shatoria Gwynn . Candidate, Colorado State University Global

Shatoria Gwynn Candidate, Colorado State University Global Campus ATTN: Graduate Admission Committee Let me first start by saying that I am so excited I have found a university that’s offers such an amazing Information Technology Management program to fulfill my educational needs. I currently have an Associates of Science in Science from Tidewater Community College with a Bachelor’s of Science in Healthcare Management from Saint Leo University. After earning my degrees I have been working in the healthcare field, Marketing /Sales, but Banking Technical Healthcare I desired the most. I took an ITE introduction 610 course for the University of Maryland in 2015 to get a glimpse of information technology. Although this one course†¦show more content†¦In spite what I was told, I gave the Air Force a try. I did not score high enough to get recruited, so then I started college within the same of year of graduating High School. The adjustments I have made to ensure that I would not encounter difficulties in my educational endeavors is by alternating my work and livi ng environment, more flexibility in time, exercise weekly and changed my diet. A balanced lifestyle includes physical fitness and a healthy diet. I believe this allows students to focus mentally throughout their daily task or projects. I now see college as a second full time job with putting in at least twenty one hours a week of studying time at the library. Study sessions will insist on 3 hours Monday through Friday with a minimum of 5 hours on weekends. In addition to the changes that I have made in order to succeed, there are challenges in the aspect of coming into the Information Technology world with a healthcare background. Healthcare has its own language as well as the Information Technology. Even though learning the language of Information Technology will be a challenge I am confident in my strength in persistency. I’ve learned my strength is being persistent in finishing a task or goal. With diligence and persistency I will accomplish my goals. For example, an unexpected emergent situation occurred at work. There was an active shooter present within the building. .